Sharding-JDBC直接封装JDBC API,可以理解为增强版的JDBC驱动,旧代码迁移成本几乎为零:
Sharding-JDBC定位为轻量级java框架,使用客户端直连数据库,以jar包形式提供服务,未使用中间层,无需额外部署,无其他依赖,DBA也无需改变原有的运维方式。采用”半理解”理念的SQL解析引擎,以达到性能与兼容性的最大平衡。
Sharding-JDBC功能灵活且全面:
Sharding-JDBC配置多样:
<!-- 引入sharding-jdbc核心模块 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.dangdang</groupId>
<artifactId>sharding-jdbc-core</artifactId>
<version>${latest.release.version}</version>
</dependency>
Sharding-JDBC的分库分表通过规则配置描述,请简单浏览配置全貌:
ShardingRule shardingRule = ShardingRule.builder()
.dataSourceRule(dataSourceRule)
.tableRules(tableRuleList)
.databaseShardingStrategy(new DatabaseShardingStrategy("sharding_column", new XXXShardingAlgorithm()))
.tableShardingStrategy(new TableShardingStrategy("sharding_column", new XXXShardingAlgorithm())))
.build();
规则配置包括数据源配置、表规则配置、分库策略和分表策略组成。这只是最简单的配置方式,实际使用可更加灵活,如:多分片键,分片策略直接和表规则配置绑定等。
通过ShardingDataSourceFactory工厂和规则配置对象获取ShardingDataSource,ShardingDataSource实现自JDBC的标准接口DataSource。然后可通过DataSource选择使用原生JDBC开发,或者使用JPA, MyBatis等ORM工具。 以JDBC原生实现为例:
DataSource dataSource = ShardingDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(shardingRule);
String sql = "SELECT i.* FROM t_order o JOIN t_order_item i ON o.order_id=i.order_id WHERE o.user_id=? AND o.order_id=?";
try (
Connection conn = dataSource.getConnection();
PreparedStatement preparedStatement = conn.prepareStatement(sql)) {
preparedStatement.setInt(1, 10);
preparedStatement.setInt(2, 1001);
try (ResultSet rs = preparedStatement.executeQuery()) {
while(rs.next()) {
System.out.println(rs.getInt(1));
System.out.println(rs.getInt(2));
}
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:rdb="http://www.dangdang.com/schema/ddframe/rdb"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.dangdang.com/schema/ddframe/rdb
http://www.dangdang.com/schema/ddframe/rdb/rdb.xsd
">
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:conf/rdb/conf.properties" ignore-unresolvable="true"/>
<bean id="dbtbl_0" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/dbtbl_0"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value=""/>
</bean>
<bean id="dbtbl_1" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/dbtbl_1"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value=""/>
</bean>
<rdb:strategy id="orderTableStrategy" sharding-columns="order_id" algorithm-expression="t_order_${order_id.longValue() % 4}"/>
<rdb:strategy id="orderItemTableStrategy" sharding-columns="order_id" algorithm-expression="t_order_item_${order_id.longValue() % 4}"/>
<rdb:data-source id="shardingDataSource">
<rdb:sharding-rule data-sources="dbtbl_0,dbtbl_1">
<rdb:table-rules>
<rdb:table-rule logic-table="t_order" actual-tables="t_order_${0..3}" table-strategy="orderTableStrategy"/>
<rdb:table-rule logic-table="t_order_item" actual-tables="t_order_item_${0..3}" table-strategy="orderItemTableStrategy"/>
</rdb:table-rules>
<rdb:default-database-strategy sharding-columns="none" algorithm-class="com.dangdang.ddframe.rdb.sharding.api.strategy.database.NoneDatabaseShardingAlgorithm"/>
</rdb:sharding-rule>
</rdb:data-source>
</beans>